MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z

MS-DOS (Character User Interface) with easy explanation

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MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z

20. COLOR command 

This command is used to set the color of the screen of the computer system , we are working with

Syntax:-    C:\>COLOR  <FIRST hex digit><SECOND hex digit>   ( for FIRST digit  for background, SECOND for foreground color )

Example:- C:\>COLOR 17

(after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, the color of screen will be blue & color of the text will be white )

Here Each hex digit can be of  any of the following values:

    0 = Black       8 = Gray

    1 = Blue        9 = Light Blue

    2 = Green       A = Light Green

    3 = Aqua        B = Light Aqua

    4 = Red         C = Light Red

    5 = Purple      D = Light Purple

    6 = Yellow      E = Light Yellow

    7 = White       F = Bright White

Color attributes are specified by TWO hex digits — the first

corresponds to the background; the second the foreground.

(MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z)

21. TITLE command 

 This command is used sets the window title for the command prompt window.

Syntax- C: \> TITLE [string]

Ex- C: \> TITLE ABC

(after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, TITLE of command prompt will be changed as abc)

 Some External Commands with example

22. MOVE command 

This command is used to Move a file from one location to another location

Syntax-                  C:\>Move <File Name><Extension><Destination Path>

Ex.- C: \> MOVE  *.txt D:

(Remark:- The above command used a wildcard (*)  to Move all text files to the E: drive)

23. TREE command 

This command is used to graphically display the folder structure of a drive or path.

Syntax:-    C:\>TREE <Drive Name><Path>

Example:- C:\>Tree         (to show current working directory sub-directories as tree)

C:\>Tree aaa                                         (to show specific directory’s sub-directories as tree)

Folder PATH listing

Volume serial number is FCF9-A672

C:\AAA

└───bbb

└───ccc

24.CHKDSK command 

This command is used to check a disk specified by user and display a status report of computer system with properties of disk like volume label, serial number, memory and other properties along with errors on the disk

Syntax:-    C:\>CHKDSK <Drive Name>

Example:- C:\>CHKDSK D:

(after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, command will check the disk & produce a report like given below )

( report are distinct bcoz every system is distinct in itself)

C:\>chkdsk d:

The type of the file system is NTFS.

WARNING!  F parameter not specified.

Running CHKDSK in read-only mode.

CHKDSK is verifying files (stage 1 of 3)…

6656 file records processed.

File verification completed.

0 large file records processed.

0 bad file records processed.

0 EA records processed.

0 reparse records processed.

CHKDSK is verifying indexes (stage 2 of 3)…

8250 index entries processed.

Index verification completed.

0 unindexed files scanned.

0 unindexed files recovered.

CHKDSK is verifying security descriptors (stage 3 of

6656 file SDs/SIDs processed.

Security descriptor verification completed.

798 data files processed.

CHKDSK is verifying Usn Journal…

4890288 USN bytes processed.

Usn Journal verification completed.

Windows has checked the file system and found no prob

153497599 KB total disk space.

3484828 KB in 4668 files.

2348 KB in 799 indexes.

0 KB in bad sectors.

82415 KB in use by the system.

65536 KB occupied by the log file.

149928008 KB available on disk.

4096 bytes in each allocation unit.

38374399 total allocation units on disk.

37482002 allocation units available on disk.

25.LABEL command 

This command is used to see the label (Name ) & serial number of the Drive ,we can change the label of the drive also with LABEL command

Syntax:-    C:\>LABEL  <Drive Name>

Example:- C:\>LABEL                                                      (after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, Result will be shown like this )

Volume in drive C: has no label                                   (drive C: has no label – is shown if you are not giving any word after label command)

Volume Serial Number is FCF9-A672

Volume label (32 characters, ENTER for none)?

( 2^nd condition- if you give any word/letters then Label will be changed to that word/letters)

C:\>label abc

C:\>label

Volume in drive C: is abc

Volume Serial Number is FCF9-A672

Volume label (32 characters, ENTER for none)?

Delete current volume label (Y/N)?          ( if Y then Label will be deleted, if N Label will not be changed)

(MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z)

26. Help command 

This command is used to see the different uses of a command, here we are getting help on COLOR command

Syntax:-    C:\>HELP  <COMMAND Name>

(after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, Result will be shown like this )

Example:-      

C:\>HELP COLOR

Sets the default console foreground and background colors.

COLOR [attr]

attr        Specifies color attribute of console output

Color attributes are specified by TWO hex digits — the first

corresponds to the background; the second the foreground.  Each digit

can be any of the following values:

0 = Black       8 = Gray

1 = Blue        9 = Light Blue

2 = Green       A = Light Green

3 = Aqua        B = Light Aqua

4 = Red         C = Light Red

5 = Purple      D = Light Purple

6 = Yellow      E = Light Yellow

7 = White       F = Bright White

If no argument is given, this command restores the color to what it was

when CMD.EXE started.  This value either comes from the current console

window, the /T command line switch or from the Default Color registry value.

The COLOR command sets ERRORLEVEL to 1 if an attempt is made to execute

the COLOR command with a foreground and background color that are the same.

Example: “COLOR fc” produces light red on bright white

(Remark: – like this we can get Help on any Command)

(MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z)

27. Sort Command

This command is used to sort the content of specified file.

Syntax:-    C:\>SORT <FILE Name>

suppose there is a file named AAA.txt has content in itself is/are

(666

555

222

111)

Example:- C:\>SORT  AAA.TXT

(then after pressing ENTER button of the keyboard, Result will be shown like this )

111

222

555

666

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MS-DOS easy tutorial a2z

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