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Operating system Single User Operating System Multiuser Operating System A 2 Z

We learned in an earlier article – Operating system as per User Interface in Hindi how the operating system can be classified on the basis of User Interface.
operating system1
Let’s now know the classification of OS based on number of user and nature of work.

(B). Operating system as per the number of user & nature of work

Classification of OS based on how many people can work at the same time and what type & how much work can be completed by operating system

(1). Single User Operating System

This is an OS in which only one user can work at a time. It is called Single User Operating System. Single User Operating System cannot be used as a server.

We can also understand this in such a way that no other computer can be connected / added to the computer that works with single user operating system , then the OS installed in that computer is called Single User Operating System.

Example of Single User Operating System

window 3.1, window 95

(2) .Multi User Operating System

Operating system in which more than one user can work at a time is called Multi User Operating System.

OS through which a computer can be used as a server, then such os are called Multi User Operating System.

If such operating system is installed in a computer, then that computer can be added to the network and then many computers / terminals can be connected to that computer.

Example of Multi User Operating System

Unix, Linux,

(3). Multiprogramming Operating System

This is the capacity of OS with Single Processor, in which CPU idle time is reduced.

when CPU goes idle we give an another work to computer to do

This type of operating system does not allow the CPU to sit idle. In multiprogramming OS there are many programs lying in the main memory (RAM) of the computer. The OS picks up one of those programs and gives the CPU to execute.

When the first program is executing, the second program waits for its turn to execute in the main memory.

When the first program requires Input or Output operation

(Output operation like – showing data / information on the monitor /

Input operation like –mouse, taking any data from user from keyboard)

then OS picks up the earlier program which is already executed by the CPU (or has been left out of the CPU for INPUT / OUTPUT operation) and put it into the RAM and takes another program from the RAM and takes it into the CPU.

The OS does this one by one with all programs. In this way, all programs are executed one by one instead of executing simultaneously, i.e. switching between programs from CPU to RAM & RAM to CPU takes place.

Example of Multiprogramming OS

Running Google chrome or running Photoshop with ms-excel.

(4). Multitasking Operating System

In this type of OS (with single processor) , more than one task is executed simultaneously, Multitasking is also similar to Multiprogramming but

Whereas in multiprogramming OS. The programs are taken one by one in the CPU and put into RAM after execution

On the other hand in multitasking OS, the tasks are taken one by one in the CPU and put into RAM after execution
where in multiprogramming, switching are done between programs while in multitasking switching between tasks are executed .

(Switching = Programs / Tasks coming between RAM and CPU)

Task: – Any program consists of one or more tasks.

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